Destino de fármacos neutros en la estabilización de lodos residuales

MERCEDES ESPERANZA RAMIREZ CAMPEROS Lina Cardoso César Calderón Mólgora (2017, [Memoria de congreso])

Se realizó la estabilización de lodos primario y secundario de una planta de tratamiento de aguas municipales por medio de los procesos de estabilización anaerobia, aerobia y anóxica. Se dio seguimiento a la presencia de tres fármacos neutros comúnmente utilizados entre la población. Fluoxetina (antidepresivo); metoprolol (hipertertensivo y para el ataque agudo de miocardio), y ácido mefenámico (antiinflamatorio). La concentración de los compuestos en el lodo sin estabilizar fueron las siguientes: Fluoxetina se detectó en un intervalo de 3 a <0.5 μg/kg; metoprolol de 10.35 a <0.5 μg/kg; ácido mefenámico de 165 a <0.4 μg/kg. Durante la estabilización anaerobia la fluoxetina presentó remoción parcial hasta 90% en algunos de los experimentos, pero también se observa en otros, una tendencia a acumularse. La estabilización aerobia presentó una remoción de 84% de fluoxetina y 52% de ácido mefenámico. La estabilización anóxica con densidad de flujo magnético de 1.5 mT, obtuvo una remoción de 86% de fluoxetina y 24% de ácido mefenámico. En general, los procesos de estabilización anaerobia, aerobia y anóxica removieron parcialmente los fármacos en estudio. Con los resultados obtenidos no se pudo establecer una correlación entre los parámetros de control de los procesos y la remoción de estos compuestos.

Industria farmacéutica Lodos residuales Estabilización INGENIERÍA Y TECNOLOGÍA

Desarrollo y validación del método para la determinación de ácido clofíbrico por cromatografía de gases masas

MARTHA AVILES FLORES (2012, [Artículo])

Se desarrolló y validó una metodología para la cuantificación de ácido clofíbricoderivatizado con trimetilsilildiazometano en muestras de agua por cromatografía de gases acoplada a un detector selectivo de masas (CG-MS). El método se validó en diferentes parámetros como linealidad, exactitud, precisión, límites de detección y cuantificación. Las concentraciones de validación se encuentran en el intervalo de 0.0025 a 0.1644 μgL-1. Los límites de detección y cuantificación obtenidos son 0.0003 y 0.0053 μgL-1.

Contaminación del agua Industria farmacéutica Ácido clofíbrico INGENIERÍA Y TECNOLOGÍA

Not raised ‘to make big decisions’: young people’s agency and livelihoods in rural Pakistan

Patti Petesch Lone Badstue Dil Bahadur Rahut Akhter Ali (2022, [Artículo])

Social Norms Qualitative Research CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA AGRICULTURE GENDER LIVELIHOODS SOCIOECONOMIC ASPECTS YOUTH AGENCIES

Research for development approaches in mixed crop-livestock systems of the Ethiopian highlands

Million Gebreyes James Hammond Lulseged Tamene Getachew Agegnehu Rabe Yahaya Anthony Whitbread (2023, [Artículo])

This study presents processes and success stories that emerged from Africa RISING's Research for Development project in the Ethiopian Highlands. The project has tested a combination of participatory tools at multiple levels, with systems thinking and concern for sustainable and diversified livelihoods. Bottom-up approaches guided the selection of technological interventions that could address the priority farming system challenges of the communities, leading to higher uptake levels and increased impact. Joint learning, appropriate technology selection, and the creation of an enabling environment such as the formation of farmer research groups, the establishment of innovation platforms, and capacity development for institutional and technical innovations were key to this study. The study concludes by identifying key lessons that focus more on matching innovations to community needs and geographies, systems orientation/integration of innovations, stepwise approaches to enhance the adoption of innovations, documenting farmers' capacity to modify innovations, building successful partnerships, and facilitating wider scaling of innovations for future implementation of agricultural research for development projects.

Action Research Systems Thinking CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA INNOVATION PARTNERSHIPS SCALING UP INTEGRATED CROP-LIVESTOCK SYSTEMS

Red de plataformas de Investigacion MasAgro: resultados PV2016 y OI 2016-17

Simon Fonteyne (2018, [Libro])

CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS RESEARCH PROJECTS

Alternative cropping and feeding options to enhance sustainability of mixed crop-livestock farms in Bangladesh

Timothy Joseph Krupnik Jeroen Groot (2024, [Artículo])

We investigated alternative cropping and feeding options for large (>10 cows), medium (5–10 cows) and small (≤4 cows) mixed crop – livestock farm types, to enhance economic and environmental performance in Jhenaidha and Meherpur districts – locations with increasing dairy production – in south western Bangladesh. Following focus group discussions with farmers on constraints and opportunities, we collected baseline data from one representative farm from each farm size class per district (six in total) to parameterize the whole-farm model FarmDESIGN. The six modelled farms were subjected to Pareto-based multi-objective (differential evolution algorithm) optimization to generate alternative dairy farm and fodder configurations. The objectives were to maximize farm profit, soil organic matter balance, and feed self-reliance, in addition to minimizing feed costs and soil nitrogen losses as indicators of sustainability. The cropped areas of the six baseline farms ranged from 0.6 to 4.0 ha and milk production per cow was between 1,640 and 3,560 kg year−1. Feed self-reliance was low (17%–57%) and soil N losses were high (74–342 kg ha−1 year−1). Subsequent trade-off analysis showed that increasing profit and soil organic matter balance was associated with higher risks of N losses. However, we found opportunities to improve economic and environmental performance simultaneously. Feed self-reliance could be increased by intensifying cropping and substituting fallow periods with appropriate fodder crops. For the farm type with the largest opportunity space and room to manoeuvre, we identified four strategies. Three strategies could be economically and environmentally benign, showing different opportunities for farm development with locally available resources.

Ruminant Feed Pareto-Based Optimization Farm Bioeconomic Model CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA RUMINANT FEEDING BIOECONOMIC MODELS MIXED CROPPING FARMS LIVESTOCK

Disruptive approach to integrate data in a digital environment: progress report CIMMYT-Bluenumber 2023

Andrea Gardeazabal (2023, [Documento de trabajo])

This report describes the process carried out a pilot project to evaluate a scalable disruptive approach to integrating data for agronomy research that also incentivizes sustainable production and enables traceability using open data sharing protocol with self-sovereign identity (SSI).

CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY DATA AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH

E. African spring wheat breeding pipeline and Network (CIMMYT-KALRO)

sridhar bhavani (2023, [Objeto de congreso])

CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA WHEAT PLANT BREEDING RESEARCH NETWORKS

Los medicamentos no son dulces: empleo de glucocorticoides para enfermedades crónicas.

ADRIANA ALEJANDRA MOCTEZUMA OCAMPO JOSE LUIS MONTIEL HERNANDEZ (2024, [Artículo])

Los glucocorticoides se han constituido como medicamentos clave en el tratamiento farmacológico de enfermedades crónicas asociadas a la inflamación. Sin embargo, a pesar de su indudable beneficio, su empleo prolongado y sin supervisión pue-de generar una serie de efectos adversos, que van desde leves hasta severos. Es por eso que, en momentos de crisis como la pandemia de covid-19, el uso responsable de estos medicamentos debería iniciar con evitar prácticas comunes en nuestro país, como la automedicación y la confianza en productos milagro, ya que pueden poner en riesgo la salud de la población en general.

Glucocorticoids have become one of the key drugs during the pharmacological treatment of inflammatory chronic diseases. However, despite its undoubted benefit, its prolonged and unsupervised use can generate a series of adverse effects, ranging from mild to severe. In moments of crisis, such as the covid-19 pandemic, it shows us that practices so widespread in our country such as self-medication and the use of miracle products can put the health of the general population at risk.

MEDICINA Y CIENCIAS DE LA SALUD CIENCIAS MÉDICAS glucocorticoides, medicamentos, antiinflamatorios, automedicación, farmacología

Teacher training in the state of Chihuahua: Between the health challenge and teacher resilience

Evangelina Cervantes Holguín Pavel Roel Gutiérrez Sandoval Cely Celene Ronquillo Chávez (2023, [Artículo, Artículo])

The article proposes to recover the response of the Teacher Training and Updating Institutions in the state of Chihuahua regarding the various challenges imposed by the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19). The qualitative exercise analyzes the experience of 10 institutions based on the voice of their students, teachers, and principals regarding changes in academic, administrative, and organizational processes. It is concluded that the pandemic has affected each institution in different ways and with diverse intensity. Despite the achievements, the experience analyzed reveals the relative success of the using virtual platforms in the face of three basic conditions: connectivity, technological competencies, and socio-emotional skills of the teaching staff. It highlights the importance of implementing tutoring, resilience, or awareness actions of teachers and students' needs, feelings, and sufferings. It is opportune to recover the experiences of other institutions and to question especially students, thesis students and graduates.

Acceso a la educación Aprendizaje en línea Educación a distancia Formación de docentes Tecnología educacional HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA Access to education online learning distance education teacher education educational technology