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CÓMO LLEVAR YUCATÁN A CUESTAS : LAS FOTOGRAFÍAS DEL ESTADO DE YUCATÁN EN LA EXPOSICIÓN HISTÓRICO-AMERICANA DE MADRID EN 1892

Marisol Domínguez González (2023, [Tesis de maestría])

“En el marco de las celebraciones del IV Centenario del llamado Descubrimiento de América, España organizó en Madrid la exposición Histórico-Americana de 1892, una muestra internacional que reunió a varios países, la mayoría antiguas colonias española, y con la que buscaba ostentar, entre otras cosas, su influencia en el desarrollo de estos territorios. Hacia la última década del siglo XIX los objetos fotográficos ya figuraban en las exposiciones universales fungiendo como una herramienta visual más para construir la imagen y/o la narrativa que un territorio, país o nación pretendía mostrar. Esta investigación explora la colección fotográfica que México presentó en la Exposición Histórico-Americana y se concentra específicamente en las fotos del estado de Yucatán. Con la intención de entender el papel de los conjuntos de fotografías en los procesos de construcción y exposición de un discurso local y nacional, aquí se indaga el qué y el cómo se mostró a México y a Yucatán a través de estas imágenes. Las fotos de Yucatán son series de diversa proveniencia, manufactura y temática que el gobierno estatal envió a la Junta Colombiana, instancia encargada de diseñar la propuesta expositiva de México. Estos objetos, que funcionaron como carta de presentación del estado de Yucatán en Madrid, se abordan dentro de la amplia colección fotográfica que México expuso. A su vez, para contextualizarla, se reconstruyen las salas de México y se revisa la propuesta expositiva y el proceso de participación del país dentro de la lógica general de la Exposición Histórico-Americana”.

Fotografías - Yucatán - Exposiciones. Yucatán - Historia - Exposiciones. Tesis - Maestría en Historia, Peninsular. CIENCIAS SOCIALES HISTORIA HISTORIA DE PAÍSES HISTORIA LOCAL HISTORIA LOCAL

Soil moisture content and maize grain yield under conventional and conservation agriculture practices - results of short term field tests in liselo, Namibia

Christian Thierfelder (2023, [Artículo])

This article focuses on the results from trials developed to monitor the short-term effects of conventionally tilled systems versus CA on soil quality and crop productivity under conditions of the major cropping systems in central, north-central and north-eastern regions of Namibia. Conventional tillage (CT), Minimum tillage (MT), Minimum tillage, mulch (MT-M), Minimum tillage, rotation (MT-R) and Minimum tillage, mulch and rotation (MT-MR) were the primary treatments tested. Significant differences (p≤0.000) among the treatments were observed in the 0-60 cm soil profiles where MT-M plots had the highest soil moisture content (39.8 mm, Standard Error of Mean 0.2815) over the study period. A significant difference (p=0.0206) in grain yield was observed in the second season with CT plots yielding the highest grain yield (3852.3 kg ha-1, standard error of mean 240.35). Results suggest that CA has the potential to increase water conservation and contribute to reduction of the risk of crop failure. Climate change driven degradation under conventional tillage necessitate alternative sustainable tillage methods. Conservation tillage methods and conservation agricultural practices that minimize soil disturbance while maintaining soil cover need to be adopted more locally as viable alternatives to conventional tillage.

Grain Yield Soil Moisture Content CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE CONVENTIONAL TILLAGE GRAIN YIELDS SOIL WATER CONTENT MAIZE

On-farm assessment of yield and quality traits in durum wheat

Facundo Tabbita Iván Ortíz-Monasterios Francisco Javier Pinera-Chavez Maria Itria Ibba Carlos Guzman (2023, [Artículo])

BACKGROUND: Durum wheat is key source of calories and nutrients for many regions of the world. Demand for it is predicted to increase. Further efforts are therefore needed to develop new cultivars adapted to different future scenarios. Developing a novel cultivar takes, on average, 10 years and advanced lines are tested during the process, in general, under standardized conditions. Although evaluating candidate genotypes for commercial release under different on-farm conditions is a strategy that is strongly recommended, its application for durum wheat and particularly for quality traits has been limited. This study evaluated the grain yield and quality performance of eight different genotypes across five contrasting farmers’ fields over two seasons. Combining different analysis strategies, the most outstanding and stable genotypes were identified. RESULTS: The analyses revealed that some traits were mainly explained by the genotype effect (thousand kernel weight, flour sodium dodecyl sulfate sedimentation volume, and flour yellowness), others by the management practices (yield and grain protein content), and others (test weight) by the year effect. In general, yield showed the highest range of variation across genotypes, management practices, and years and test weight the narrowest range. Flour yellowness was the most stable trait across management conditions, while yield-related traits were the most unstable. We also determined the most representative and discriminative field conditions, which is a beneficial strategy when breeders are constrained in their ability to develop multi-environment experiments. CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that assessing genotypes in different farming systems is a valid and complementary strategy for on-station trials for determining the performance of future commercial cultivars in heterogeneous environments to improve the breeding process and resources.

Wheat Quality GGE Analysis Flour Yellowness CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA FLOURS WHEAT QUALITY YIELDS FIELD EXPERIMENTATION