Repositorio Nacional

Fall Armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), native to the Americas, is a polyphagous insect pest feeding on more than 350 plant species. We studied the developmental and demographic parameters of the maize (Zea mays) strain of FAW on rice (Oryza sativa), and compared the results with its prime host, maize. The developmental period from egg to adult among rice varieties did not differ significantly; however, it did differ significantly between rice and maize, as feeding on rice rather than maize extends development duration of FAW larvae by 15.15%. FAW larvae collected and reared on maize were found to be of significantly higher weight than those reared on rice at two sequential dates of their development; pupal weight however was observed as statistically similar between these two host crops. Regardless of the host, female adults always emerged before males; in maize, female FAW appeared 3.36 days earlier than males. Females derived from rice had longer pre-oviposition periods and shorter oviposition ones than those derived from maize. In rice and maize, the age-specific fecundity rate (mx) peaked at 40 days and 33 days, respectively. When the Fall Armyworm consumed maize instead of rice, there was an increase in the reproduction rate (R 0), the intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm), and the finite rate of increase (λ). For instance, when FAW fed on rice, the rm value was 0.121, whereas it rose to 0.173 when FAW fed on maize. Feeding on rice instead of maize resulted in significantly longer mean length of generation (tG) and doubling time (tD) for the fall armyworm (FAW). This suggests that it took a longer time for the FAW population to double when it was fed rice under controlled greenhouse conditions. In summary, our research suggests that FAW can survive and complete its life cycle on rice plants and on multiple varieties of rice in Bangladesh. However, field verification is necessary before drawing strong conclusions as to the risk posed by FAW in rice. This requires additional studies of FAW and associated insect community dynamics under non-controlled conditions and in the context of multi-species interactions in Asian rice fields.

Invasive Pest Life Table Parameters CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA HOST PLANTS PESTS RICE SPODOPTERA FRUGIPERDA FALL ARMYWORMS

Relación de adenovirus 36 con la obesidad, expresión de genes (c/ebpB y hif-1A) y la morfologia del tejido adiposo.

JORGE BARRERA ALCOCER (2021, [Tesis de doctorado])

Introducción: Al origen infeccioso de la obesidad se le conoce como ¿infectobesidad¿. Los primeros estudios realizados en modelos animales, como pollos, ratones y primates no humanos, asociaron la presencia de anticuerpos contra HAd36 con el desarrollo de la obesidad y la ganancia de peso, de igual manera los ensayos realizados en preadipocitos (3T3-L1) y células madre adiposas humanas (hASCc) han demostrado que HAd36 se asocia con la expresión de genes implicados en la diferenciación celular y el metabolismo de lípidos. Los estudios realizados para identificar el DNA viral en tejido adiposo son pocos y los resultados inconsistentes. Objetivo: Analizar la presencia del DNA de HAd36 en biopsias de tejido adiposo subcutáneo y su relación con la obesidad, cambios morfológicos de los adipocitos y la expresión de genes adipogénicos y de metabolismo celular. Materiales y Métodos: Se recolectaron un total de 52 biopsias de tejido adiposo subcutáneo de mujeres sometidas a liposucción y/o lipectomia. Se realizó una evaluación antropométrica y clínico-bioquímica. La identificación del DNA de HAd36 se realizó por PCR convencional, la expresión de los genes C/EBPB, HIF-1A y ¿-actina se determinó utilizando sondas TaqMan. La morfología celular se analizó en secciones de tejido adiposo teñidas con H&E, la estimación del número y tamaño de las células se realizó con el software Image J Fiji. Resultados: Se identificó el DNA de HAd36 en 16 muestras de tejido adiposo subcutáneo (31%). La presencia del DNA viral no se asoció con los parámetros antropométricos o metabólicos, tampoco con cambios en la morfología del tejido adiposo. Los niveles de expresión de mRNA para C/EBPB y HIF-1A no mostraron diferencias significativas entre las muestras positivas y negativas al DNA viral (p>0.05). Conclusión: El DNA de HAd36 puede estar presente en el tejido adiposo subcutáneo, pero la presencia del DNA viral no se encontró relacionado con los cambios morfológicos en este tejido, ni con la expresión de genes como C/EBPB y HIF-1A.

BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA GENÉTICA GENÉTICA CLÍNICA

Genomic prediction of yield performance among single-cross maize hybrids using a partial diallel cross design

Junjie Fu XUECAI ZHANG (2023, [Artículo])

Genomic Prediction Prediction Model Genetic Effects Hybrid Performance CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA MAIZE GENETICS HYBRIDS PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT

Genetic analysis of Vibrio parahaemolyticus O3:K6 strains that have been isolated in Mexico since 1998

CARLOS ABRAHAM GUERRERO RUIZ (2017, [Artículo])

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is an important human pathogen that has been isolated worldwide from clinical cases, most of which have been associated with seafood consumption. Environmental and clinical toxigenic strains of V. parahaemolyticus that were isolated in Mexico from 1998 to 2012, including those from the only outbreak that has been reported in this country, were characterized genetically to assess the presence of the O3:K6 pandemic clone, and their genetic relationship to strains that are related to the pandemic clonal complex (CC3). Pathogenic tdh+ and tdh+/trh+ strains were analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Also, the entire genome of a Mexican O3:K6 strain was sequenced. Most of the strains were tdh/ORF8-positive and corresponded to the O3:K6 serotype. By PFGE and MLST, there was very close genetic relationship between ORF8/O3:K6 strains, and very high genetic diversities from non-pandemic strains. The genetic relationship is very close among O3:K6 strains that were isolated in Mexico and sequences that were available for strains in the CC3, based on the PubMLST database. The whole-genome sequence of CICESE-170 strain had high similarity with that of the reference RIMD 2210633 strain, and harbored 7 pathogenicity islands, including the 4 that denote O3:K6 pandemic strains. These results indicate that pandemic strains that have been isolated in Mexico show very close genetic relationship among them and with those isolated worldwide. © 2017 Guerrero et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Article, bacterial strain, biofouling, controlled study, Crassostrea, food intake, gene sequence, genetic analysis, genetic variability, Japan, Mexican, Mexico, molecular phylogeny, nonhuman, pandemic, pathogenicity island, sea food, serotyping, toxi BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA GENÉTICA GENÉTICA