Hyperiid amphipods from the Gulf of Ulloa and offshore region, Baja California: The possible role of the gelatinous zooplankton as a transport vector into the coastal shelf waters

Bertha Lavaniegos (2020, [Artículo])

Hyperiid amphipod species from the Gulf of Ulloa, Baja California, and the adjacent region (from the shelf break to 200 km offshore) were analyzed to evaluate diversity and abundances. This productive area supports small-scale commercial fisheries, including sand bass (Paralabrax nebulifer), California spiny lobster (Panulirus interruptus), abalones, clams, and others. Strong coastal upwelling events were observed during summer seasons of the period 2002-2008 between Punta Eugenia and Punta Abreojos. The upwelling plumes at Punta Abreojos are transported southward in slope waters bordering the coastal shelf of the Gulf of Ulloa, contributing to the separation of coastal and oceanic regions, and explain differences in amphipod diversity and abundances between both regions. In the offshore region, the most abundant species were Vibilia armata, Lestrigonus schizogeneios, Primno brevidens, and Eupronoe minuta, similar to previous findings in northern regions of Baja California and southern California. However, abundances of these species were lower (10-30 individuals/1000 m3), only reaching 20-50% of abundance levels reported off northern Baja California. In the coastal shelf of the Gulf of Ulloa, amphipods were virtually absent during 2002, 2003 and 2006. However, during 2004 and 2005, abundances of P. brevidens increased (54 and 20 ind/1000 m3, respectively). Moreover, during the late summer of 2007, abundances of L. schizogeneios, P. brevidens, Lycaea nasuta, Lycaea pulex, and Simorhynchotus antennarius increased considerably (261, 39, 31, 68, 416 ind/1000 m3, respectively), indicating occasional utilization of the coastal shelf by pelagic amphipods. Changes in gelatinous populations (medusae, siphonophores, ctenophores, doliolids, and salps) paralleled changes in hyperiid populations, with highest abundances in 2005-2008 in the coastal shelf. Significant correlations of 17 amphipod species with gelatinous taxa, which are often used as host organisms by hyperiid amphipods, suggest that gelatinous presence enhanced hyperiid abundance and promoted the progression of hyperiid amphipods onto the coastal shelf during parts of the 2002-2008 period. © 2020 Bertha E. Lavaniegos. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

abalone, Amphipoda, article, Baja California, clam, clinical article, Ctenophora, Eugenia, female, fishery, human, human experiment, male, medusa, nonhuman, Panulirus interruptus, plume, summer, zooplankton, Amphipoda, animal, California, ecosystem, CIENCIAS FÍSICO MATEMÁTICAS Y CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA Y DEL ESPACIO OCEANOGRAFÍA OCEANOGRAFÍA

Tallo: A global tree allometry and crown architecture database

Tommaso Jucker Jörg Fischer Jerome Chave David Coomes John Caspersen Arshad Ali Grace Jopaul Loubota Panzou Ted R. Feldpausch Daniel Falster Vladimir Andreevich Usoltsev Stephen Adu-Bredu Luciana Alves Mohammad Aminpour Bhely ANGOBOY Ilondea Niels Anten Cécile Antin yousef askari Rodrigo Muñoz Ayyappan Narayanan Patricia Balvanera Lindsay Banin Nicolas Barbier John J. Battles Hans Beeckman Yannick Enock Bocko Benjamin Bond_Lamberty Frans Bongers Samuel Bowers THOMAS BRADE Michiel van Breugel ARTHUR CHANTRAIN Rajeev Chaudhary JINGYU DAI Michele Dalponte Kangbéni Dimobe jean-christophe domec Jean-Louis Doucet Remko Duursma Moisés Enriquez KARIN Y. VAN EWIJK WILLIAM FARFAN_RIOS Adeline FAYOLLE ERIC FORNI David Forrester Hammad Gilani John Godlee Sylvie Gourlet-Fleury Matthias Haeni Jefferson Hall Jie He Andreas Hemp JOSE LUIS HERNANDEZ STEFANONI Steven Higgins ROBERT J. HOLDAWAY Kiramat Hussain Lindsay Hutley Tomoaki Ichie Yoshiko Iida Hai Jiang Puspa Raj Joshi Seyed Hasan Kaboli Maryam Kazempour Larsary Tanaka Kenzo Brian Kloeppel Takashi Kohyama Suwash Kunwar Shem Kuyah Jakub Kvasnica Siliang Lin Emily Lines Hongyan Liu CRAIG LORIMER Joel Loumeto Yadvinder Malhi Peter Marshall Eskil Mattsson Radim Matula Jorge Arturo Meave del Castillo Sylvanus Mensah XIANGCHENG MI Stephane MOMO Takoudjou Glenn Moncrieff Francisco Mora Sarath Nissanka Kevin O'Hara steven pearce Raphaël Pélissier Pablo Luis Peri Pierre Ploton Lourens Poorter mohsen javanmiri pour Hassan pourbabaei JUAN MANUEL DUPUY RADA Sabina Ribeiro Ryan Casey ANVAR SANAEI Jennifer Sanger Michael Schlund Giacomo Sellan Alexander Shenkin Bonaventure Sonké Frank Sterck Martin Svatek Kentaro Takagi Anna Trugman Farman Ullah Matthew Vadeboncoeur Ahmad Valipour Mark Vanderwel Alejandra Vovides Weiwei WANG Li Qiu Christian Wirth MURRAY WOODS Wenhua Xiang Fabiano de Aquino Ximenes Yaozhan Xu TOSHIHIRO YAMADA Miguel A. Zavala (2022, [Artículo])

Data capturing multiple axes of tree size and shape, such as a tree's stem diameter, height and crown size, underpin a wide range of ecological research—from developing and testing theory on forest structure and dynamics, to estimating forest carbon stocks and their uncertainties, and integrating remote sensing imagery into forest monitoring programmes. However, these data can be surprisingly hard to come by, particularly for certain regions of the world and for specific taxonomic groups, posing a real barrier to progress in these fields. To overcome this challenge, we developed the Tallo database, a collection of 498,838 georeferenced and taxonomically standardized records of individual trees for which stem diameter, height and/or crown radius have been measured. These data were collected at 61,856 globally distributed sites, spanning all major forested and non-forested biomes. The majority of trees in the database are identified to species (88%), and collectively Tallo includes data for 5163 species distributed across 1453 genera and 187 plant families. The database is publicly archived under a CC-BY 4.0 licence and can be access from: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6637599. To demonstrate its value, here we present three case studies that highlight how the Tallo database can be used to address a range of theoretical and applied questions in ecology—from testing the predictions of metabolic scaling theory, to exploring the limits of tree allometric plasticity along environmental gradients and modelling global variation in maximum attainable tree height. In doing so, we provide a key resource for field ecologists, remote sensing researchers and the modelling community working together to better understand the role that trees play in regulating the terrestrial carbon cycle. © 2022 The Authors. Global Change Biology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

ALLOMETRIC SCALING CROWN RADIUS FOREST BIOMASS STOCKS FOREST ECOLOGY REMOTE SENSING STEM DIAMETER TREE HEIGHT BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA BIOLOGÍA VEGETAL (BOTÁNICA) ECOLOGÍA VEGETAL ECOLOGÍA VEGETAL

Ecología trófica del pez damisela Stegastes acapulcoensis (Pomacentridae) en un arrecife de Bahías de Huatulco, Oaxaca

Trophic ecology of the damselfish Stegastes acapulcoensis (Pomacentridae) in a reef of Bahías de Huatulco, Oaxaca

Diana Alejandra Vela Espinosa (2023, [Tesis de maestría])

Se caracterizó la alimentación y la morfología del sistema alimentario de la damisela Stegastes acapulcoensis en la bahía La Entrega, Oaxaca, con el objetivo de determinar su espectro trófico. En agosto de 2022, se recolectaron 30 ejemplares de S. acapulcoensis en el período de mayor actividad de alimentación, utilizando arpones caseros y equipo de buceo SCUBA. Las muestras se fijaron con formol al 5% para preservar sus tejidos y facilitar la identificación de presas. Cada ejemplar se sometió a un análisis biométrico detallado, incluyendo mediciones de peso total, longitud total y longitud estándar. Los componentes alimentarios se identificaron y clasificaron en nueve categorías, con las algas destacando como el componente más consumido, seguido del detritus y los invertebrados. El Índice de Importancia Relativa (%IIR) confirmó la importancia de estos componentes en la dieta de S. acapulcoensis. El análisis del espectro trófico reveló que esta especie es un depredador generalista, con una dieta que abarca una diversidad moderada de componentes alimentarios. Además, se encontró una correlación positiva significativa entre el peso de los individuos y su consumo de algas, lo que sugiere una relación entre el tamaño y los hábitos alimentarios. La morfología del sistema alimentario, incluyendo el aparato mandibular y las placas faríngeas, apoyó la adaptación de S. acapulcoensis a una dieta herbívora oportunista. Los dientes incisivos y las características de las placas faríngeas indicaron una especialización en la captura y procesamiento de alimentos vegetales. En conjunto, estos hallazgos proporcionaron una visión completa de la ecología alimentaria de S. acapulcoensis en La Entrega, resaltando la importancia de las algas en su dieta y su capacidad para ajustarse a diferentes fuentes de alimento. Además, se amplió nuestra comprensión de la relación entre la morfología y la ecología alimentaria en los peces damisela, lo que contribuye al conocimiento de estos ecosistemas marinos y su gestión.

The feeding and morphology of the food system of the damselfish Stegastes acapulcoensis in La Entrega Bay, Oaxaca, was characterized to determine its trophic spectrum. In August 2022, 30 specimens of S. acapulcoensis were collected during the period of peak feeding activity, using homemade harpoons and SCUBA diving equipment. Samples were fixed with 5% formalin to preserve their tissues and facilitate prey identification. Each specimen was subjected to detailed biometric analysis, including measurements of total weight, total length, and standard length. Food components were identified and classified into nine categories, with algae standing out as the most consumed component, followed by detritus and invertebrates. The Relative Importance Index (%IIR) confirmed the importance of these components in the diet of S. acapulcoensis. Trophic spectrum analysis revealed that this species is a generalist predator, with a diet encompassing a moderate diversity of food components. In addition, a significant positive correlation was found between the weight of individuals and their consumption of algae, suggesting a relationship between size and feeding habits. The morphology of the food system, including the mandibular apparatus and pharyngeal plates, supported the adaptation of S. acapulcoensis to an opportunistic herbivore. The incisor teeth and pharyngeal plate characteristics indicated a specialization in the capture and processing of plant foods. Taken together, these findings provided a comprehensive view of the feeding ecology of S. acapulcoensis in La Entrega, highlighting the importance of algae in its diet and its ability to adjust to different food sources. In addition, our understanding of the relationship between morphology and feeding ecology in damselfish was expanded, contributing to the knowledge of these marine ecosystems and their management.

Dieta, ecología, morfología mandibular Diet, ecology, jaw morphology BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA OTRAS ESPECIALIDADES DE LA BIOLOGÍA OTRAS OTRAS

Necessity as a driver in bending agricultural gender norms in the Eastern Gangetic Plains of South Asia

Pragya Timsina Emma Karki Brendan Brown (2023, [Artículo])

The majority of the farmers in the rural Global South continue to depend directly or indirectly on agriculture for their livelihoods. Despite the fact that women account for almost half of the world's farmers, they face gender-specific challenges such as deeply rooted cultural and social norms that limit their access to land, assets, financial markets, agricultural training, and information. Using semi-structured interviews with farmers in the Eastern Gangetic Plains, this study investigates how necessity is becoming one of the major drivers in the bending of agricultural gender norms. The study investigates the connections between feminist political ecology and agricultural technology production frameworks in order to comprehend the implications of technology adoption and influences on gender norms in communities. Women's participation in agriculture was found to be heavily influenced by social and cultural barriers, and they were frequently subjected to social criticism for breaking the systemic gender norms. This paper emphasizes on the growing pattern of bending gender norms with recommendations for increasing women's participation and scope in future agriculture development initiatives through policies and interventions that emphasize gender equity.

Social Barriers Cultural Barriers Feminist Political Ecology CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA GENDER NORMS WOMEN FARMERS AGRICULTURE TECHNOLOGY

Influencia de las fases lunares en fertilidad, tasa de preñez y partos de vacas mestizas en el trópico seco.

CANUTO MUÑOZ GARCIA ROSENDO CUICAS HUERTA JUAN GONZALEZ MALDONADO EFREN ESTRADA PAQUI ISIDRO JAUREGUI PLATA JULIO CESAR GOMEZ VARGAS (2023, [Artículo])

There is speculation about moon phases influencing animal reproductive performance. A study was carried out to shed light on the influence of moon phases on estrus presentation, pregnancy rate, calving presentation, and offspring sex in cows from the Mexican dry tropical region. The reproductive data of 580 crossbred cows from 2010 to 2021 was organized according to reproductive events (estrus presentation, gestation, calving presentation, and offspring sex) occurrence during moon phases (new moon, first quarter, full moon, and last quarter). The data were analyzed by Chi-squared test and logistic regression. The full moon reduced the estrus presentation (p0.05). It is concluded that the full moon reduces estrus presentation in crossbred cows. Moon phases do not influence the gestation, calving presentation, and offspring sex.

estrus calving offspring sex CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CIENCIAS AGRARIAS CIENCIAS VETERINARIAS FISIOLOGÍA ANIMAL

Smallholder farmers’ willingness to pay for two-wheel tractor-based mechanisation services in Zambia and Zimbabwe

Hambulo Ngoma Paswel Marenya Adane Tufa Lovemore  Chipindu Md Abdul Matin Christian Thierfelder (2023, [Objeto de congreso])

Two-Wheel Tractors CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA MECHANIZATION WHEELED TRACTORS WILLINGNESS TO PAY ANIMAL POWER

Evaluación del acondicionamiento reproductivo del ostión japonés (Magallana gigas) en dos sistemas de recirculación con prevalencia de polidóridos mediante la expresión de genes

Evaluation of Japanese oyster (Magallana gigas) broodstock conditioning in two recirculating systems with the prevalence of Polidorids through gene expression

Adrián Andrés Morales Guadarrama (2024, [Tesis de maestría])

El ostión Magallana gigas es ampliamente cultivado a nivel mundial. En Baja California, México, los laboratorios de reproducción deben acondicionar ostiones para su maduración y producción de gametos, y abastecer de semilla a los productores. En nuestro laboratorio, Sistemas de Recirculación Acuícola (SRA), con control del sistema CO2-Carbonatos (SRA-R) o sin control (SRA-C), han permitido madurar ostiones M. gigas y M. sikamea. Recientemente, los ostiones M. gigas acondicionados en nuestros SRA no maduraron, y algunos presentaron prevalencia de polidóridos (PP), poliquetos parásitos excavadores de concha. Para comprender la condición de los ostiones, evaluamos el efecto del SRA y de la PP sobre la expresión relativa de ocho genes asociados a biomineralización (VpATP y Tyr), inmunidad innata (P38, PGRP-L y TLR2) y reproducción (GnRH-RI, Vasa-like y SP1b) de M. gigas en dos etapas del acondicionamiento, 18 °C y 24 °C. La PP se determinó por la presencia de ampollas en la concha. Mediante RT-qPCR se determinó la expresión de VpATP, Tyr, P38, PGRP-L y TLR2 en el manto, y de GnRH-RI, Vasa-like y SP1b en la gónada. La expresión relativa se evaluó con un enfoque estadístico basado en un análisis Bayesiano de dos vías y comparaciones múltiples, p-valor significativo < 0.05 y corrección de Bonferroni. En 18 °C, la expresión de VpATP, Tyr, TLR2 y P38 fue mayor en ostiones con PP (CPP) que sin PP (SPP). En contraste, la expresión de GnRH-RI, Vasa-like y SP1b fue menor CPP que SPP. Dentro del SRA-C, en los ostiones CPP hubo mayor expresión de Tyr y menor expresión de Vasa-like y SP1b, respecto a los ostiones SPP. Esto sugiere que la PP induce la reparación de la concha y las respuestas inmune e inflamatoria en el manto mientras que en la gónada reduce el desarrollo de las células germinales. En 24 °C, en el SRA-R hubo menor expresión de SP1b respecto del SRA-C y sugiere menor división celular en la gónada. En conclusión, el SRA-R y la PP afectaron el balance energético del ostión japonés, limitando la energía y reflejando menor esfuerzo reproductivo en los ostiones del SRA-R al final del acondicionamiento reproductivo.

The Japanese oyster (Magallana gigas) is highly cultured worldwide. In Baja California, Mexico, the reproduction laboratories must condition oysters to maturity and have gametes to supply oyster seeds to producers. In our laboratory, recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS), with control of the CO2-Carbonate system (RAS-R) and without this control (RAS-C), have allowed oysters M. gigas and M. sikamea to mature. Recently, the M. gigas oysters conditioned in our RAS did not mature, and some have the prevalence of Polidorids (PP), shell-boring polychaete parasites. To understand the oysters' condition, we evaluated the effect of RAS and the PP on the relative expression of eight genes associated with biomineralization (VpATP and Tyr), innate immunity (P38, PGRP-L, and TLR2), and reproduction (GnRH-RI, Vasa-like, and SP1b) of M. gigas at two phases of broodstock conditioning, 18 °C and 24 °C. The PP was determined by mud blisters at the inner oyster shell. RT-qPCR determined the expression of VpATP, Tyr, p38, PGRP-L, and TLR2 in the mantle tissue and GnRH-RI, Vasa-like, and SP1b in the gonad tissue. The relative gene expression was evaluated by a Bayesian statistics frame based on a two-way and multiple comparison analysis, with significant p-value < 0.05 and Bonferroni correction. At 18 °C, there was higher expression of VpATP, Tyr, TLR2, and P38 in oysters with PP (WPP) than without PP (WOPP). In contrast, the expression of GnRH-RI, Vasa-like, and SP1b was less WPP than WOPP. It suggests that the PP induces shell repair and immune and inflammatory responses in mantle tissue, while in gonad tissue, it reduces the development of germinal cells. At 24 °C, in RAS-R, there was less expression of SP1b respect RAS-C, and it suggests less cellular division in the gonad. In conclusion, the RAS-R and the PP affect the energetic balance of the Japanese oyster, limiting the energy and reflecting less reproduction effort in oysters from RAS-R at the end of broodstock conditioning.

SRA, biomineralización, Vasa-like, Tyr, ostión RAS, biomineralization, Vasa-like, Tyr, oyster BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA GENÉTICA CITOGENÉTICA ANIMAL CITOGENÉTICA ANIMAL

Forest proximity positively affects natural enemy mediated control of fall armyworm in Southern Africa

Frédéric Baudron Terence Sunderland (2022, [Artículo])

Insectivorous Birds Bat Predation Maize Cultivation CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA FALL ARMYWORMS BIOLOGICAL PEST CONTROL INSECTIVOROUS ANIMALS MAIZE PREDATOR PREY RELATIONS

Riqueza y diversidad de especies de murciélagos (Chiroptera) en Honduras

ANA LUISA PINEL TROCHEZ (2023, [Tesis de maestría])

BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA BIOLOGÍA ANIMAL (ZOOLOGÍA) ECOLOGÍA ANIMAL ECOLOGÍA ANIMAL

Factores determinantes en la estructuración de la comunidad de murciélagos en la Sierra de Omoa, Honduras

ALEX EMILIO VALLEJO HAM (2023, [Tesis de maestría])

BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA BIOLOGÍA ANIMAL (ZOOLOGÍA) ECOLOGÍA ANIMAL ECOLOGÍA ANIMAL