Los medicamentos no son dulces: empleo de glucocorticoides para enfermedades crónicas.

ADRIANA ALEJANDRA MOCTEZUMA OCAMPO JOSE LUIS MONTIEL HERNANDEZ (2024, [Artículo])

Los glucocorticoides se han constituido como medicamentos clave en el tratamiento farmacológico de enfermedades crónicas asociadas a la inflamación. Sin embargo, a pesar de su indudable beneficio, su empleo prolongado y sin supervisión pue-de generar una serie de efectos adversos, que van desde leves hasta severos. Es por eso que, en momentos de crisis como la pandemia de covid-19, el uso responsable de estos medicamentos debería iniciar con evitar prácticas comunes en nuestro país, como la automedicación y la confianza en productos milagro, ya que pueden poner en riesgo la salud de la población en general.

Glucocorticoids have become one of the key drugs during the pharmacological treatment of inflammatory chronic diseases. However, despite its undoubted benefit, its prolonged and unsupervised use can generate a series of adverse effects, ranging from mild to severe. In moments of crisis, such as the covid-19 pandemic, it shows us that practices so widespread in our country such as self-medication and the use of miracle products can put the health of the general population at risk.

MEDICINA Y CIENCIAS DE LA SALUD CIENCIAS MÉDICAS glucocorticoides, medicamentos, antiinflamatorios, automedicación, farmacología

Analysis of adoption of conservation agriculture practices in southern Africa: mixed-methods approach

Adane Tufa Hambulo Ngoma Paswel Marenya Christian Thierfelder (2023, [Artículo])

In southern Africa, conservation agriculture (CA) has been promoted to address low agricultural productivity, food insecurity, and land degradation. However, despite significant experimental evidence on the agronomic and economic benefits of CA and large scale investments by the donor community and national governments, adoption rates among smallholders remain below expectation. The main objective of this research project was thus to investigate why previous efforts and investments to scale CA technologies and practices in southern Africa have not led to widespread adoption. The paper applies a multivariate probit model and other methods to survey data from 4,373 households and 278 focus groups to identify the drivers and barriers of CA adoption in Malawi, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. The results show that declining soil fertility is a major constraint to maize production in Zambia and Malawi, and drought/heat is more pronounced in Zimbabwe. We also find gaps between (a) awareness and adoption, (b) training and adoption, and (c) demonstration and adoption rates of CA practices in all three countries. The gaps are much bigger between awareness and adoption and much smaller between hosting demonstration and adoption, suggesting that much of the awareness of CA practices has not translated to greater adoption. Training and demonstrations are better conduits to enhance adoption than mere awareness creation. Therefore, demonstrating the applications and benefits of CA practices is critical for promoting CA practices in all countries. Besides, greater adoption of CA practices requires enhancing farmers’ access to inputs, addressing drudgery associated with CA implementation, enhancing farmers’ technical know-how, and enacting and enforcing community bylaws regarding livestock grazing and wildfires. The paper concludes by discussing the implications for policy and investments in CA promotion.

Adoption Focus Group Discussion CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE CLIMATE CHANGE

Genetic diversity and population structure of African sorghum (sorghum bicolor L. moench) accessions assessed through single nucleotide polymorphisms markers

Hussein Shimelis Baloua Nébié Chris Ojiewo Abhishek Rathore (2023, [Artículo])

Heterotic Grouping Breeding Population Development Marker-Assisted Cultivar Development CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA POPULATION STRUCTURE GENE FLOW SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS SORGHUM BICOLOR BREEDING PROGRAMMES

Recent advances on research of native prawn Macrobrachium americanum (Decapoda: Palaemonidae) with aquaculture and conservation purposes

Yuneisy Milagro Agüero Fernández MIRIAM VICTORIA MARTIN MANZO MARITZA LOURDES SOBERANES YEPIZ Marcelo Ulises García Guerrero Yuniel Méndez Martínez Luis Hector Hernandez Hernandez Laura S López Greco Edilmar Cortés Jacinto (2022, [Artículo])

"Where good management practices on aquaculture are mandatory. The economic and ecological importance of prawns of the Genus Macrobrachium cause an impact at a global level involving economic, academic and social aspects. Macrobrachium americanum appears as one of the genus species with high nutritional value and an economic demand in the national and international markets, as well as a vital income for fisherman and producers of this species. For researchers, it is a challenge to find solutions to culture and propose conservation measures for M. americanum with emphasis on development, nutrition and reproduction. Although there are scientific studies supporting the economic importance of this species, our knowledge about its cultivation, reproduction and conservation is limited. This paper summarizes the latest studies made in cooperation with M. americanum in research lead by the Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, Mexico. After several years of continuous research, it is considered that those efforts have produced useful information for the sustainable exploitation, conservation and basic management practices of this species."

Freshwater ecosystem, growth rate, native prawn species, conservation, sustainable fishing BIOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA BIOLOGÍA ANIMAL (ZOOLOGÍA) ECOLOGÍA ANIMAL ECOLOGÍA ANIMAL

Coinfection and in vitro interaction of Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae and Pestalotiopsis mangiferae associated with dieback in branches of mango (Mangifera indica) Manila variety, in Veracruz, Mexico

LILIANA EUNICE SAUCEDO PICAZO Luis Guillermo Hernández Montiel NORMA FLORES ESTEVEZ PATRICIA GEREZ FERNANDEZ ANGEL FERNANDO ARGÜELLO ORTIZ JUAN CARLOS NOA CARRAZANA (2022, [Artículo])

"Dieback disease caused by fungal complexes is a severe problem in mango trees (Mangifera indica). Its main symptoms are branch rot, gummosis, and finally, the tree’s death. In this work, the species of the fungal complex causing mango dieback in the Manila variety in Veracruz, Mexico were identified. The in vitro interaction of two species belonging to the complex was evaluated and the severity of the co-infection in mango branches. Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae and Pestalotiopsis mangiferae were identified as causal agents of mango dieback in the producing area of Veracruz. In coinfected mango branches, greater severity of necrosis was observed than in individual infections. Liquid culture filtrates applied in co-cultures showed different results for each species of phytopathogen. The P. mangiferae filtrate had no significant antagonistic effects on the growth of L. pseudotheobromae (inhibition of 2.68%), while the L. pseudotheobromae filtrate inhibited 41.38% of P. mangiferae. The results show that multiple infections in mango trees increase the damage caused by dieback, which could directly impact the development of control strategies."

gummosis, virulence, interaction, fungal complex CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CIENCIAS AGRARIAS FITOPATOLOGÍA FITOPATOLOGÍA FITOPATOLOGÍA

An efficient transformation method for genome editing of elite bread wheat cultivars

Akshaya Biswal Kanwarpal Dhugga (2023, [Artículo])

Particle Bombardment Wheat Growth-Regulating Factor 4 Wheat Growth-Interacting Factor Wheat Mildew Locus O CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA CRISPR GENE EDITING TRANSFORMATION WHEAT

Survival, health-related quality of life and functionality in octogenarians with acute coronary syndrome after percutaneous coronary intervention

JULIO CESAR DAVILA VALERO (2023, [Tesis de maestría])

The primary objective of this study is to investigate the survival and its determinants in octogenarian patients who have undergone

percutaneous coronary intervention as a revascularization treatmen

1. To estimate the health-related quality of life and self-perception of health in octogenarian patients after acute coronary

syndrome and percutaneous coronary intervention as a revascularization treatment in a 15-year cohort.

2. To assess the functionality in basic and instrumental activities of daily living in octogenarian patients after acute coronary

syndrome and percutaneous coronary intervention as a revascularization treatment in a 15-year cohort.

3. To determine the incidence of complications, rehospitalizations, major cardiovascular adverse events, and mortality in octogenarian patients after an acute coronary syndrome and percutaneous coronary intervention as a

revascularization treatment in a 15-year cohort.

Especialista en Geriatría

MEDICINA Y CIENCIAS DE LA SALUD CIENCIAS MÉDICAS CIENCIAS CLÍNICAS GERIATRÍA

Factores asociados a mortalidad de los sujetos de 65 años y mayores hospitalizados por COVID-19 en un hospital de tercer nivel

CLAUDIA MARIA GUERRERO PEÑA (2023, [Artículo])

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1877-0073

Marco teórico Existe evidencia clara que la mortalidad por COVID-19 aumenta de manera abrupta con la edad. Diversos estudios acerca de factores pronósticos asociados a mortalidad en la persona adulta se han publicado, pero pocos acerca de mayores de 65 años e incluso menos de octogenarios. Hasta noviembre de 2023 se han publicado por lo menos 10 estudios donde se reportan las características clínicas, comorbilidades y los factores asociados a mortalidad en adultos mexicanos con diagnóstico de COVID-19 y un rango de edad entre los 45 y 59 años. Sin embargo, ninguno de estos estudios hace énfasis en las cualidades de las personas mexicanas de 65 años y mayores con esta enfermedad. Debido a esto, surge la iniciativa de investigar a este grupo poblacional.

Metodología Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo, observacional, descriptivo para identificar los factores asociados a mortalidad de los sujetos de 65 años y mayores con diagnóstico de COVID-19 en el hospital San José Tecnológico de Monterrey a partir de la base de datos del Protocolo TecSalud titulado “Características clínicas y demográficas de pacientes con sospecha de Infección por SARS-CoV-2 en el noreste de México”, estudio ambispectivo que incluyó datos retrospectivos y prospectivos de pacientes ambulatorios y hospitalizados en Hospital San José con sospecha de infección por SARS-Cov-2 en el periodo de 31 de marzo 2020 al 31 de marzo 2021.

Resultados Se incluyeron un total de 412 pacientes en el estudio, los cuales tenían una mediana de edad de 73 años (69-79 años). De estos pacientes, 155 (37.6%) fueron mujeres y 257 (62.4%) hombres. Al comparar los valores de los parámetros de laboratorio del día del ingreso, se encontró que los pacientes que fallecieron mostraron mayor grado de linfopenia (0.6 vs 0.7, p=0.009), niveles de creatinina (1.1 vs. 0.9 mg/dL, <0.001), BUN (26.5 vs. 20.2 mg/dL, P<0.001), DHL (452 vs. 343 UI/L, P<0.001), IL-6 (108.9 vs 68.5 ng/ml, p=0.005), troponina (15.1 vs 12.6 ng/ml, p<0.001), PCR (15.1 vs. 12.6, p=0.002) y procalcitonina (0.22 vs. 0.14, p=0.003). Los pacientes que fallecieron tuvieron una mediana del score de severidad de CURB-65 de 2 puntos a diferencia de los sobrevivientes quienes tuvieron una mediana de 1 punto.

Conclusiones El principal factor epidemiológico asociado a mortalidad encontrado en las personas mayores de 65 años fue la edad. Dentro de las variables paraclínicas, aquellas que tuvieron mayor asociación a muerte fueron el grado de linfopenia, la elevación de PCR y procalcitonina. Ninguna comorbilidad por si sola se asoció a mayor mortalidad.

Especialista en Geriatría

MEDICINA Y CIENCIAS DE LA SALUD CIENCIAS MÉDICAS CIENCIAS CLÍNICAS GERIATRÍA MEDICINA Y CIENCIAS DE LA SALUD CIENCIAS MÉDICAS MEDICINA INTERNA ENFERMEDADES INFECCIOSAS

Illustrative power and epistemic roles of the image in multi-disciplinary researches on poverty contemporary Habitat

Peter Krieger (2023, [Artículo, Artículo])

This study analyses the epistemic functions of images in the geographic and sociological discourses on poverty habitat in the megacities of the global south by focusing on Mexico city. Based on a conceptual and methodological review of art history from Bildwissenschaft perspective (visual studies), this paper aims to examine the poverty habitat by describing its typologies, patterns, encodings and possible effects of its visual constructions. This contribution outlines the utility of this type of research, the function of inter and transdisciplinary studies in this field and its fundamental ethic dimension.

pobreza urbana megalópolis sociología geografía estudios visuales HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA urban poverty megalopolis visual studies Bildwissenschaft

Gestión de riesgo de desastres, género y cambio climático: percepciones sociales en Yucatán, México

Disaster risk management, gender and climate chage: social perceptions in Yucatan, Mexico

DENISE SOARES DANIEL MURILLO LICEA (2013, [Artículo])

El objetivo del presente trabajo es abonar a la reflexión de la articulación entre la gestión de riesgo de desastres y la equidad de género. Se presenta un estudio de caso en cuatro localidades del estado de Yucatán, México, sobre percepciones respecto al cambio climático y capacidades institucionales sobre gestión de riesgos. Para conocer las percepciones sociales locales se han utilizado los métodos de encuestas y entrevistas a informantes clave, y los resultados encontrados dan cuenta de la existencia de severos problemas en la institucionalidad municipal encargada tanto de la gestión de riesgo de desastres como de la promoción de procesos de mayor igualdad de género; además de esto, se registró un escaso conocimiento sobre los factores que provocan el cambio climático.

The aim of this paper is to contribute to the reflection on the link between disaster risk management and gender equity. It is presented a case study on perceptions about climate change and institutional abilities regarding risk management in four locations of the state of Yucatan, Mexico. In order to know the local social perceptions, surveys and interviews were administered to key informants, and the results account for the existence of serious problems in municipal institutions in charge of both disaster risk management and the promotion of processes to generate greater gender equality. Additionally, a lack of knowledge about the factors that cause climate change was recorded.

Cambio climático Desastres naturales Género Yucatán CIENCIAS SOCIALES